Public Deliverables

Discussion and analysis of RadioWeaves architecture, including control mechanisms and requirements on analog and digital hardware, leading into energy models for both domains and energy efficiency case studies for both communication and power transfer. Conclusions regarding energy consumption for different deployment/design choices are drawn.

This report summarizes all dissemination and com-munication activities carried out since project start and addresses planned activities beyond project lifetime (update of D6.3).

D5.3 reports the concept validation and experimental results of the RadioWeaves technology, corresponding to the activities in Task 5.1 and Task 5.2 of REINDEER. In total, five experiments are conducted covering multiuser capabilities, low-latency and reliable communication, accurate positioning,
interacting (powering, communicating with, and positioning) with energy-neutral device (END), and reconfigurability with dynamic hardware resource allocation.

This deliverable consolidates experimental findings from D5.1 and D5.3 into a series of demonstration videos, offering a visual representation of key challenges and solutions addressed in REINDEER. These videos cover topics such as dynamic resource allocation, robustness versus latency trade-offs, accurate positioning, energy-neutral device interaction, and multi-user capabilities. Together, they highlight the advancements in distributed antenna systems and wireless power transfer technologies, offering new insights into the development of next-generation wireless ecosystems.

Detailed experimental validation plan, design of experiments, and definition of common formats. This report provides a detailed experimental validation plan. The design of experiments describes the distributed RadioWeaves topologies to be realized in the KU Leuven testbed and the particular experiments to be performed in the ULund testbed. D5.1 also defines formats for interfacing with RadioWeaves panels and for the exchange of experimental data.

Assessment of signalling schemes, protocols, and algorithms for energy-neutral devices. Quantitative assessment of wireless power transfer, high-rate communications, and accurate positioning with energy neutral devices, based on the designs described in D4.2.

This deliverable builds on the theoretical foundation formed in D3.1 and provides a more detailed analysis of robustness and latency aspects of the RadioWeaves concept. New methods are presented, covering robust beamforming, employment of constant envelope waveforms, support of environmental awareness, and scheduling and control mechanisms for dynamic environments.

Position estimation and environment learning. Report on fundamental performance limits for positioning, algorithm design and analysis for system calibration, positioning and synchronization as well as data fusion of information from radio infrastructure. An algorithm for environment sensing and learning exploits MIMO radar to infer mirror source locations.

This deliverable reports on the evaluation and design of hardware resources needed for transfer of energy to energyneutral nodes and backscattering-based connectivity to these nodes. The assessment of the hardware requirements takes energy efficiency as an important target, and includes different aspects such as synchronization, reciprocity calibration, and out-of-band constraints due to frontend non-linearities.

This deliverable provides estimates of distributed hardware resources, and their synchronization, needed to implement targeted algorithms for selected services and the associated requirements on back-haul data transfer between processing/hardware units.

This deliverable reports on the results of Task 1.3, complementing the inventory of use cases and technical requirements for KPIs in D1.1, discussing the actual achievable performance based on the results of the project. The results are used to connect the corresponding use cases and KPIs by discussing the essential application requirements, for example energy neutral device (END) operation, positioning, low latency, synchronization or multiple access.

Design of signaling schemes, protocols, and algorithms for energy-neutral devices. Report on the system design studies for achieving wireless power transfer, and efficient communications with energy neutral devices, while leveraging environment awareness.

This document provides fundamental performance limits of a RadioWeaves infrastructure with respect to the interaction with energy neutral devices. In particular, the maximum regulatory-compliant power budget and achievable initial access distance are derived, and backscatter communication schemes and data rates are discussed. Emphasis has been put on an efficiency model as well as a channel model representing wireless power transfer in a physically correct manner and the verification thereof using realistic measurements.

D3.2 provides a framework for communication and initial access in networks with RadioWeaves, including
both communication-theoretic analysis and numerical simulations from Task 3.1 and Task 3.3, as well as the key insights and guidelines for practical design. D3.2 will in particular demonstrate how to reach the application needs set in WP1.

D1.2 reports on the work performed for task T1.2 focusing on radio channel measurement, characterization and modelling for RadioWeaves (RW). To study channel characteristics of RW in real indoor environments, several measurement campaigns were conducted in Lund and Graz. We used various measurement settings in terms of geometric configurations of array and user equipments (UEs), static/dynamic environments, line-of-sight (LoS)/non-line-ofsight (NLoS) propagation conditions and signal bandwidth, etc, to simulate different RW use cases that are defined in deliverable D1.1.

Large Intelligent Surface Measurements for Joint Communication and Sensing by Christian Nelson, Xuhong Li, Thomas Wilding, Benjamin Deutschmann, Klaus Witrisal and Fredrik Tufvesson.

D1.1 provides an inventory of interactive use case specifications, representative deployment scenarios, technical requirements and KPIs for the four focus domains. D1.1 includes the initial channel model based on existing measurements and models. It reports on the particular investigation of the origin of latency in wireless applications.

D2.1 provides an initial assessment of the RadioWeaves infrastructure, developed in WP2 of REINDEER. Taking the description of RadioWeaves in D1.1 and the use cases and KPIs defined therein, as a starting point, a first version of the building blocks of the infrastructure are presented, together with new terminology. Architecture and topology are introduced together with a quantitative and qualitative analysis of high-level requirements on a RadioWeaves infrastructure, setting the scope for more detailed investigations and design.

D3.1 develops a framework for physical-layer performance evaluation of RadioWeaves. Specifically, an effective-SINR abstraction model is developed and shown to be accurate and highly efficient in terms of computational complexity. Furthermore, this document evaluates complexity of existing algorithms in terms of computational load and front-haul signaling for different cell-free topologies considered in the literature. It also proposes efficient algorithms for distributed MIMO processing of RadioWeaves with centralized and decentralized approaches.

This deliverable presents the REINDEER communication kit, including the project’s visual identity as well as communication and dissemination materials, which are used within the project.

This report constitutes an updated plan and initial report on the partners` dissemination and communication activities of the first 12 months. It also includes an overview of the advancements in terms of spectrum harmonization that took place in different radio regulatory bodies (e.g. as the ITU), and a short forecast on how current advancements may shape 6G in terms of, e.g. overall requirements, allocated spectrum parts, etc.

This Project Quality Plan constitutes a set of project templates and explanations on the project management process, review process, quality checks and meeting organisation, which are communicated to all partners.